Add support for building with Meson (#2530)

The Meson[1] build system makes it easier incorporate third-party
libaries into a project if they also build using Meson.

Let's add a minimal Meson build that's compatible with the CMake build,
along with a GitHub workflow to check that it builds and that at least
the simplest SelfTest runs.

The handling of catch_user_config.hpp is inspired by BUILD.bazel and
doesn't attempt to support any configuratons options. Such features
could be added later.

Meson strongly discourages using wildcards to specify sources, so the
source and header lists are copied from CMakeLists.txt.

Add a new test workflow to test the Meson builds. I was unable to get
these tests to pass with Ubuntu 20.04, so they use Ubuntu 22.04.

I'm neither a CMake nor a Meson expert, but the results seem to work for
me.

[1] https://mesonbuild.com/

Co-authored-by: Mike Crowe <mcrowe@brightsign.biz>

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